What is a common adverse effect associated with opioids?

Constipation is a well-documented adverse effect associated with opioid use due to the pharmacological action of opioids on the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Opioids bind to specific receptors in the brain and GI tract, leading to decreased motility and transit time within the intestines. This results in reduced peristalsis, which can cause the stool to become harder and more difficult to pass, ultimately leading to constipation. This side effect is one of the most commonly reported issues by patients on long-term opioid therapy and often necessitates preventative strategies or treatment interventions, such as stool softeners or laxatives, to manage the condition effectively. Understanding the impact of opioids on bowel function is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing holistic care to patients experiencing pain management.