What is the primary target of pathophysiological treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the primary target of pathophysiological treatment focuses on airflow limitation. This condition is characterized by a progressive limitation of airflow, which is not fully reversible and results from a combination of airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and destruction of lung tissue (emphysema).

The management strategies aim to improve airflow through various means, such as bronchodilators that relax tightened muscles around the airways, thus allowing for easier breathing. Additionally, addressing airflow limitation can lead to improvements in symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of life for patients.

While airway inflammation, lung infections, and gas exchange impairment are relevant considerations in managing COPD, tackling airflow limitation is paramount because it directly affects the patient's ability to breathe effectively and maintain oxygen levels. By alleviating the mechanical obstruction in the airways, treatments can substantially enhance lung function and reduce the burden of symptoms associated with COPD.